People who seek to have very precise definitions of right wing movements are falling into a trap. The right wing is not a political movement. It's a scam. Attempting to build a taxonomy of scams will fail: Scammers are like computer viruses, they alter their superficial characteristics all the time, and use dog whistles to reach their targets without saying the important things out loud. Please understand this, if you are an academic: THERE IS VALUE IN STUDYING THE SURFACE PATTERNS OF VIRUSES, BUT ONLY IF YOU REALIZE THAT THESE ARE FUNDAMENTALLY ABOUT SUBTERFUGE, AND NOT ESSENTIAL TO THE FUNCTION OF THE VIRUS So, yeah, you can study "how does the right wing hide their intentions?" but if you end up saying "No, that one is not fascism, because it professes hatred for the state" then you have fallen victim of UNNECESSARY ABSTRACTION. Fascists lie about what they believe in. That's because their beliefs don't stand up to scrutiny. You can't very well go around saying "I believe my followers' money should be in my pocket" or "I hate brown people because I am bad at my job and some brown people aren't". #PitfallsOfAbstraction